Items of № 8, 2016

70 YEARS OF SAINT PETERSBURG BRANCH OF RADIO R&D INSTITUTE. HISTORY AND PROSPECTS

P.A. Mikhailov, Saint Petersburg Branch “Leningrad Branch of NIIR” (FSUE Branch NIIR–LONIIR), director, Ph.D.; mikh@loniir.ru

The article deals with the history of foundation and development  of  Saint  Petersburg  Branch  of  Radio  Research  and  Development  Institute  in  the  period  from 1946  to  the  present  day.  The formation of the main science-engineering directions is considered from historical aspect and the most important results reached by the team of researchers at different stages of LONIIR development are submitted. In addition the contribution of some specialists and scientists into the progress of modern science methods and technical facilities are evaluated. The article is timed to seventy-fifth anniversary of the FSUE “Branch NIIR-LONIIR” to be celebrated in 2016.
Keywords: NIIR, LONIIR, TsLIR, CCIR, EMC, man-made radio interference, satellite communication,  radiomonitoring,  digital  broadcasting.

SYSTEM INTEGRATORS ASPECTS OF THE GROUND SEGMENT’S CONSTRUCTION OF HIGH-SPEED ACCESS SATELLITE SYSTEM TO INFORMATION RESOURCES FOR RUSSIAN CONDITIONS

V.A. Zhirov, Saint Petersburg Branch “Leningrad Branch of NIIR” (FSUE Branch NIIR-LONIIR), chief of research department of systems of a radio communication professor, Dr.Sci.(Tech.); vzhspb@loniir.ru
S.G. Zaytsev, Saint Petersburg Branch “Leningrad Branch of NIIR” (FSUE  Branch  NIIR-LONIIR),  chief  of  research  laboratory  of  satellite  systems  of  a  radio  communication,  associate  professor,  Ph.D.; zsg@loniir.ru
Yu.A.  Molotkov, Saint  Petersburg  Branch  “Leningrad  Branch  of  NIIR” (FSUE Branch NIIR-LONIIR), chief of research laboratory of land systems of a radio communication, Ph.D.; molotkov@loniir.ru

In the article the analysis of building systems engineering of the ground segment of the satellite system full-scale high-speed access to information resources for Russian conditions. In terms of the system revealed the features of its technical realization, due to limitations on the use of orbital and frequency resources and physiographic conditions. On the basis of simulations and calculations estimated the expected technical complexity of the ground segment, the results of quantifying the characteristics of system integrators to assess the technical and economic efficiency of creation and application of such systems in Russia. The article is timed to seventy-fifth anniversary of the FSUE “Branch NIIR-LONIIR” to be celebrated in 2016.
Keywords: satellite system of high-speed access, central terrestrial station, subscriber terminal, multibeam antenna, frequency and polarizing plan, power budget of the satellite radio line, services of high-speed access to information resources.

COMMUNICATION NETWORKS DESIGN USING IMS ASSET

V.A. Grigoryev, JSC Laboratory of Infocommunication Networks, general director, ITMO University, head of the wireless telecommunications department, professor, Dr.Sci.(Tech.); vgrig@rdnet.ru
Yu.A. Raspayev, deputy general director of “Telekom-Project”  Ltd., associate professor of the Wireless Telecommunications Chair  at ITMO University, Ph.D.; raspaev@telecom-project.ru
K.A.  Stepanenko, deputy  head  of  the  Moscow  Metropolitan  on  information  technologies  and  communications; Stepanenko-ka@mosmetro.ru
M.L. Khazov, head of the department on state regulation communication  networks  operation  and  metrology  at  Ministry  of  Telecom  and  Mass  Communications  of  the  Russian  Federation; m.khazov@minsvyaz.ru

This paper analyzes different network design options based on IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) use for Public Switched Telephone Networks (PSTNs).  The analysis shows that operators can significantly reduce their expenditures on network deployment, when using Packet Switching, or transmitting voice and multimedia over IP in PSTNs. Finally, the paper shows economic effects of such design for fixed and mobile network operators.
Keywords: PSTN design, IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), techno-economic study.

BANDWIDTH CAPACITY OF TELECOMMUNICATION CHANNEL DURING TRANSMISSION OF LIMITED DURATION SIGNALS

M.A. Bykhovskiy, MTUCI, professor, Dr.Sci. (Tech.); bykhmark@gmail.com

The  article  presents  a  formula  that  generalizes  Shannon’s formula for the calculation of telecommunication  channel bandwidth capacity for the case when optimal multidimensional ensemble of finite duration is used for message transmission, which allows to ensure a pre-determined probability of erroneous reception. It is shown that as transmission time duration increases, this bandwidth capacity tends to the same one as determined by the famous Shannon formula. The author also compares telecommunication systems which for signal transmission use QAM signals as well as Shannon’s optimal volume-spherical signal ensemble.
Keywords: multidimensional ensemble of signals with finite duration, error probability at reception, speed of message transmission.

METHOD AND THE DEVICE OF GENERATING OF THE FREQUENCY MODULATED SIGNALS

V.A. Ilyinkov, The Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics  (BSUIR),  associate  professor,  docent,  Ph.D.; v.ilyinkov@gmail.com
Y.M. Yarkov, Agat-System JSC,  head  of  the  department; yaroslavyarkov@mail.ru
A.V. Ilyinkova, IBA  IT  Park  Ltd.,  software  developer; anna.ilyin@gmail.com

The new effective method of generating of signals of the frequency  modulation  (FM),  simultaneously  providing: limiting the relative width and linearity of a static modulation characteristic; high stability of carrying frequency of modulated  signals;  possibility  of  modulation  (over) broad-band signals; possibility of generating of a grid of frequencies and their superfast reorganization is developed.  The  structure  of  the  device  implementing  the  offered method is synthesized.
Keywords: signal, modulation, frequency, generating, method, device.

 MEASURING OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION OF FUTURE NETWORKS

A.V. Roslyakov, PSUTI, professor, Ph.D.; arosl@mail.ru

This article describes the method of calculating energy consumption of Future Networks and their basic components – packet switches, routers and passive optical networks PON. These analytical expressions, based on Recommendation ITU-T Y.3022, can be used to assess the energy efficiency of Future Networks.
Keywords: Future Networks, ITU-T, energy consumption, switch, router, passive optical network PON, energy efficiency.

GENERAL ALGORITHMS EDUCATIONAL LABORATORY BENCH DATA NETWORK BASED ON VIRTUAL CHANNELS

V.A.  Matveev, Bauman  University  (BMSTU),  head  of  scientific-technical  complex  facility  of  informatics  and  control  systems, head  of  department  of  information  security,  professor,  Dr.Sci.(Tech.); v.a.matveev@bmstu.ru
R.A.  Belfer, Bauman  University  (BMSTU),  department  of  information  security,  senior  researcher,  associate  professor,  Ph.D.; a.belfer@yandex.ru

We give the general provisions algorithms educational laboratory bench data network based on virtual channels.  For  the  implementation  of  these  algorithms  is characterized  by  high  data  security  and  reliability  requirements. Currently, the department «Information Security» Bauman University (BMSTU) working on the creation of educational laboratory bench data network and is in the implementation under consideration in the algorithms.
Keywords:  Switched Virtual Circuit, packet switching, circuit switching, smart grid, Information Security, reliability, data network.

THE METHOD OF AUTHENTICATION STRINGENCY LEVEL DETERMINATION

A.G. Sabanov, Moscow Governmental Technical University, associate professor, JSC Aladdin R.D., Ph.D.; a.sabanov@aladdin-rd.ru

The method of authentication stringency level determination is considered. The method is based on the analysis of reliability of authentication results, proceeding from the research of  reliability  and  safety  of  authentication procedures execution. It is shown that from the point of view of confidence to the authentication results strong authentication can be subdivided into the sublevels determined by execution of identification and authentication results reliability requirements, and also protection of the user’s private key against compromising.
Keywords: identification, strong authentication, confidence levels, remote electronic interaction, large information systems.

THE DEPENDENCE OF THE ELECTROMAGNETIC IMMUNITY OF UNDERGROUND COMMUNICATION CABLES FROM SWITCHING BETWEEN THE CONDUCTIVE PROTECTIVE COVER

A.M. Kalyagin, Ph.D.; a.makarovich@mail.ru

The article provides an analysis of influence of cable armor connection with sheath on underground cables withstanding against external electromagnetic interference. It is shown that the aluminum sheathed cable has higher lightning resistance. But, when you connect cable armor  with sheath the cable lightning protection is reduced. The analysis results are proved by experiments carried out at the  test  site,  and  long-term  observations  on  existing links. It is shown that underground fiber optic cables are also damaged by lightning strokes.
Keywords:cable lightning protection, isolation of armor from a cover, connection of armor with a cover, communication resistance, storm damages of the fiber optic cables.

HISTORICAL  ESSAYS  ON  EMERGING  THE  INTERNATIONAL RADIO REGULATIONS (1906–1912). PART 1

A.B.  Nalbandjan, advisor  to  the  Minister  of  Transport  and  Telecommunications Republic of Armenia; albert.nalbandian@ties.itu.int
A.P.  Pavlyuk, JSC IRCOS Moscow, consultant, Ph.D.; alexander.pavlyuk@ties.itu.int

The article concerns brief history of the emerging the basic  document  on  the  international  regulation  of  radio communications and spectrum use – the Radio Regulations of the International Telecommunication Union that today commemorates its 110-th Anniversary. Short analyses are presented related to the activities of corresponding international conferences at first on radiotelegraphy, then — on radio communications where there were the creation and the constant perfection of Radio Regulations. Importance of participation of the inventor of radio A.S. Popov in the Berlin conference 1903 is specified. Also the role of Russia in emerging the international regulations of the spectrum and radio communications is underlined.
Keywords:  radio-frequency  spectrum,  International  Telecommunication  Union,  Radio  Regulations,  spectrum  management,  radio communications, international radiocommunication conferences.