Items of № 3-2025

About the system for accounting the use of radio frequency spectrum

V.S. Yakimenko, Research Institute (Electronic Warfare) VUNTS Air Force “VVA” named after рrofessor N.E. Zhukovsky and Yu.A. Gagarin, leading researcher, Dr.Sci.(Tech.); yakimenkoav@mail.ru

UDC 621.396.029

DOI: 10.34832/ELSV.2025.65.3.001

Abstract. In the interests of increasing the efficiency of radio frequency spectrum management, it has been proposed to create a State Radio Frequency Cadastre containing the data on spectrum reserves in various frequency bands and territorial regions of the country. Organizational and technical issues of its formation are considered, as well as proposals for the possible practical application of the information included in it.

Keywords: cadastre, radio frequency spectrum, radioelectronic facilities, usage management, electromagnetic compatibility.

Conceptual provisions and technological solutions for the creation of a new generation of national radio monitoring systems

S.V. Kizima, The M.I. Krivosheev National Research Centre for Telecommunication (NRCT), Research center of big data processing systems, director, ITU expert, Dr.Sci.(Tech.); KizimaSV@nic-t.ru

UDC 621.391

DOI: 10.34832/ELSV.2025.65.3.002

Abstract. The article discusses new trends and prospects for the development of radio monitoring systems at the national level in the context of the development and implementation of new radio communication technologies and the potential use of modern advances in information technology, machine learning, artificial intelligence, and big data in the practice of radio monitoring. Special attention is paid to the international experience in organizing the development of technologies and national radio monitoring systems within the framework of the International Telecommunication Union. The material of the article includes an extensive analysis of proposals from the administrations of the ITU member countries and other interested organizations in the format of contributions to the development of technologies, technical means, radio monitoring systems, and the preparation of a new edition of the ITU Handbook on Radio Monitoring.

Keywords: radio monitoring, radio monitoring systems, radio monitoring technologies, radio monitoring facilities, radio monitoring facilities, radio engineering measurements, development.

Placement of aerial base stations in a three-dimensional network to support the ground segment

T.D. Tran, The Bonch-Bruevich Saint-Petersburg State University of Telecommunications (SPbSUT), department of the telecommunication networks and data transmission, postgraduate; chan.tz@sut.ru

A.E. Koucheryavy, SPbSUT, head of the department of the telecommunication networks and data transmission, professor, Dr.Sci.(Tech.); akouch@sut.ru

UDC 004.021:004.023

DOI: 10.34832/ELSV.2025.65.3.003

Abstract. The problem of optimal placement of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) used as base stations (BS) in order to support overloaded ground-based communication systems is formulated. First, we define the coverage and capacity constraints of ground base stations (GBS) and UAV-BS. Then, based on the location, quantity, capacity, and coverage of GBS, we estimate the number of UAVs required to serve the remaining users who are currently not served by GBS. Finally, we determine the optimal placement of UAV-BS using a particle swarm optimization algorithm.

Keywords: UAV-BS, placement, particle swarm optimization, GBS, coverage, capacity.

Global trends in the development of satellite laser communication systems

O.V. Mentus, The M.I. Krivosheev National Research Centre for Telecommunication (NRCT), Scientific and technical center for satellite telecommunication systems, director; mentusov@nic-t.ru

I.N. Panteleimonov, NRCT, Scientific and technical center for satellite telecommunication systems, head of laboratory; panteleimonovin@niс-t.ru

A.V. Fedenev, NRCT, Scientific and technical center for satellite telecommunication systems, senior research scientist, Dr.Sci.(Phys.-Math.); fedenevav@nic-t.ru

L.O. Myrova, NRCT, Scientific and technical center for satellite telecommunication systems, chief researcher, professor, Dr.Sci.(Tech.); myrovalo@nic-t.ru

N.D. Danilov, NRCT, Scientific and technical center for satellite telecommunication systems, senior research scientist, Ph.D.; danilovnd@nic-t.ru

V.V. Filatov, NRCT, Scientific and technical center for satellite telecommunication systems, leading engineer; filatovvv@nic-t.ru

UDC 621.391

DOI: 10.34832/ELSV.2025.65.3.004

Abstract. A review of the main directions of creating terminals for space laser communication lines and the results of their experimental development during flight tests is given. The study of trends in the development of space laser communication links, in terms of the possibilities to increase the information transfer rate above 100 Gbit/s, is carried out. The most promising directions of using laser communication links in Russian space communication systems are proposed.

Keywords: spacecraft relay satellite, multi-satellite orbital groups, Earth stations for receiving and processing information, wireless optical communication links, inter-satellite laser communication standards.

Investigation of the noise immunity of cascaded multiplexed signals in underwater channels

K.Yu. Ryumshin, Moscow Technical University of Communications and Informatics (MTUCI), professor, Dr.Sci.(Tech.); e86420@yandex.ru

A.I. Sattarova, MTUCI, assistance lecturer; ang.satt.97@gmail.com

L.M. Kazadaev, MTUCI, technicist; leva.kazadaev.792@mail.ru

UDC 534.87+535.8

DOI: 10.34832/ELSV.2025.65.3.005

Abstract. This article discusses the possibility of using a cascade multiplexing system based on the principle of “orthogonal code division multiplexing (OCDM) — orthogonal chirp division multiplexing (OChDM)” to ensure greater noise immunity of the transmitted signal in a channel with a high level of deconstructive effects, such as scattering, fading, absorption, etc. Wireless underwater acoustic and optical channel models are considered as such channels. To demonstrate the result of the proposed cascade multiplexing system, the article presents noise immunity curves. The gain in noise immunity is compared with a similarly composed system of “OCDM — orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)”.

Keywords: OCDM, OChDM, сhannel separation, orthogonal chirp division multiplexing, orthogonal code division multiplexing, wireless underwater channel, absorption, fading, scattering.

Analysis of Watermark Benchmark impulse responses for modeling underwater acoustic communication channels

I.M. Malakhov, MTS Digital LLC, leading developer; froztgal@gmail.com

S.S. Shavrin, Moscow Technical University of Communications and Informatics (MTUCI), professor, Dr.Sci.(Tech.); sss@mtuci.ru

UDC 621.396.944

DOI: 10.34832/ELSV.2025.65.3.006

Abstract. The article analyzes the Watermark Benchmark impulse responses data set to model underwater acoustic communication channels. The impulse response structure is being analyzed and its nonstationarity is being assessed. The results of the analysis can be used to optimize signal processing algorithms and to develop methods for increasing the reliability of data transmission in underwater acoustic systems.

Keywords: underwater acoustic communications, hydroacoustic, Watermark Benchmark, RMSE, Pearson correlation coefficient.

Development of tropospheric communications for the Arctic

O.V. Mentus, The M.I. Krivosheev National Research Centre for Telecommunication (NRCT), Scientific and technical center for satellite telecommunications systems, director; mentusov@nic-t.ru

V.S. Lapshin, NRСT, Scientific and technical center for satellite telecommunications systems, leading engineer, Ph.D.; lapshinvs@nic-t.ru

L.O.Myrova, NRСT, Scientific and technical center for satellite telecommunications systems, chief researcher, professor, Dr.Sci.(Tech.); myrovalo@nic-t.ru

I.N. Panteleimonov, NRCT, Scientific and technical center for satellite telecommunications systems, head of laboratory; panteleimonovin@nic-t.ru

UDC 621.396

DOI: 10.34832/ELSV.2025.65.3.007

Abstract. The current issues of the development of civil tropospheric communications, primarily for the development of the Arctic and the Far North regions for Russia, are considered. The article provides an overview of existing tropospheric communication systems. Their advantages and disadvantages are given, including in comparison with other types of communication. It is concluded that it is advisable to use tropospheric stations for the Arctic zone. It is shown that the use of tropospheric means in commercial networks may be more economically feasible than the use of satellite communications. Due to the greater length of the intervals between radio stations of the over-the-horizon communication lines, they have an advantage over line-of-sight lines when organizing communications in hard-toreach, mountainous and sparsely populated areas. Information about new Russian-made tropospheric stations is presented.

Keywords: tropospheric stations, tropospheric radio communication, signal transmission, communication quality, communication networks, Arctic, Far North.

Research of the efficiency of using LDPC, polar and turbo codes in various channels

K.Yu. Ryumshin, Moscow Technical University of Communications and Informatics (MTUCI), professor, Dr.Sci.(Tech.); e86420@yandex.ru

D.C. Tsoi, MTUCI, engineering technician; tsoydon0524@gmail.com

A.I. Sattarova, MTUCI, assistant lecturer; ang.satt.97@gmail.com

V.D. Kliuchnikov, MTUCI, engineering technician; rk.x201@yandex.ru

L.M. Kazadaev, MTUCI, engineer; leva.kazadaev.792@mail.ru

UDC 534.87+535.8+654

DOI: 10.34832/ELSV.2025.65.3.008

Abstract. This article considers the principle of forming a model of a data transmission system with consistent (cascade) multiplexing, in the first cascade of which orthogonal code division multiplexing is performed over data symbols, and in the second cascade – orthogonal chirp division multiplexing. The following self-correcting codes are used as channel codes: block turbo code, low-density parity-check code (LDPC), and polar code. The aim of research is to analyze and compare the noise immunity of this communication system in underwater communication channels: wireless optical and wireless acoustic.

Keywords: cascade multiplexing, self-correcting code, block turbo code, low-density parity-check code, polar code, orthogonal code division multiplexing, orthogonal chirp division multiplexing.